ভাটপাড়া তখন
ছায়ায় ঘেরা শান্তির নীড়। দূরদূরান্ত থেকে ছাত্রেরা আসে। আয়ুর্বেদ, কাব্য থেকে ন্যায়দর্শন সবই পড়ানো হয় সেখানে। এখানকার শিক্ষকেরা তর্কে পরাস্ত করেন আর্যসমাজের প্রতিষ্ঠাতা দয়ানন্দ সরস্বতীকেও। সেই সংস্কৃতি আজ আর নেই। ভাটপাড়ার কাছে নৈহাটির বাসিন্দা যাদবচন্দ্র চট্টোপাধ্যায় অবশ্য পণ্ডিত বংশেরই ছেলে। তাঁর পূর্বপুরুষ গঙ্গানন্দ চট্টোপাধ্যায় ছিলেন টোলের পণ্ডিত। ভবিষ্যতে এই যাদবচন্দ্রের ছেলে বঙ্কিমচন্দ্র চট্টোপাধ্যায়-ই বাংলা গদ্যসাহিত্যকে আধুনিকতার দিশা দেখাবেন।
অর্জুনদেব সেনশর্মা
শেষ আপডেট: ৩০ জুন ২০১৯ ০০:১৫
তিনি এত ভাল কথা বলেন কী ভাবে জানতে চাইলে যাদবচন্দ্র প্রথমেই তাঁর পাড়ার কথা বলেছিলেন। যাদবচন্দ্র বালেশ্বরে ‘নিমকি’র দারোগা। লোকে সমুদ্রের জলে কত নুন তৈরি করছে, কর দিচ্ছে কি না, আইনশৃঙ্খলা বজায় থাকছে কি না, সে সব দেখাই নিমকি বা নিমকমহলের দারোগার কাজ। চমৎকার তাঁর বাকচাতুর্য। বালেশ্বরের কালেক্টর হেনরি রিকেট এক দিন তাঁর কথা বলা, যুক্তিবিন্যাসে মুগ্ধ হয়ে জিজ্ঞাসা করলেন, ‘‘আচ্ছা, তুমি কি পণ্ডিত?’’ দারোগার উত্তর, ‘‘পণ্ডিত নই, তবে পণ্ডিতসমাজে বাস করি। আমার বাসস্থান গঙ্গার ধারে, হুগলির কাছে। সেখানে অনেক পণ্ডিত ও সভ্য লোক থাকেন।’’
ভাটপাড়ার কাছে নৈহাটির বাসিন্দা যাদবচন্দ্র চট্টোপাধ্যায় অবশ্য পণ্ডিত বংশেরই ছেলে। তাঁর পূর্বপুরুষ গঙ্গানন্দ চট্টোপাধ্যায় ছিলেন টোলের পণ্ডিত। ভবিষ্যতে এই যাদবচন্দ্রের ছেলে বঙ্কিমচন্দ্র চট্টোপাধ্যায়-ই বাংলা গদ্যসাহিত্যকে আধুনিকতার দিশা দেখাবেন। কিন্তু সে সব পরের প্রশ্ন। নৈহাটি, ভাটপাড়া নিয়ে সেখানকার মানুষ যে কী রকম গর্বিত ছিলেন, যাদবচন্দ্রের ওই উক্তিই তার প্রমাণ!
গর্বিত হবেন না-ই বা কেন? মধ্যযুগে বাঙালির বিদ্যাচর্চার কেন্দ্র ছিল নবদ্বীপ। শ্রীচৈতন্য ছিলেন, উপরন্তু স্মার্ত রঘুনন্দন থেকে নৈয়ায়িক রঘুনাথ শিরোমণি, তন্ত্রবিশারদ কৃষ্ণানন্দ আগমবাগীশ, সকলেই উঠে এসেছিলেন নবদ্বীপের চতুষ্পাঠী থেকে।
বাংলার সাংস্কৃতিক ইতিহাসে এই নবদ্বীপের পরের স্টেশনই ভাটপাড়া। শ্রীচৈতন্যের বৈষ্ণব আন্দোলনের পর ‘শান্তিপুর ডুবুডুবু, নদে ভেসে যায়।’ পলাশির যুদ্ধের সমসাময়িক, মহারাজা কৃষ্ণচন্দ্র রায় তাঁর রাজ্যে এক বিচারসভা ডেকেছিলেন। সেই বিচারসভায় সে দিন যোগ দিতে গিয়েছিলেন আশি বছর পেরোনো বৃদ্ধ বীরেশ্বর ন্যায়ালঙ্কার।
বীরেশ্বর হলেন নারায়ণ ঠাকুর নামে বিখ্যাত এক সিদ্ধপুরুষের পৌত্র। নারায়ণ ঠাকুরের শিষ্য পরমানন্দ হালদার গঙ্গাতীরে ভাটপাড়ার জায়গাটি গুরুদেবকে দান করেন। গুরুদেব কান্যকুব্জ থেকে আসা পাশ্চাত্য বৈদিক ব্রাহ্মণ। তিনি ভাটপাড়ায় চলে আসেন, অতঃপর তাঁর পুত্র চন্দ্রশেখর ন্যায়বাচস্পতি ভাটপাড়ায় প্রথম টোল খোলেন। সেই ন্যায়বাচস্পতির পুত্র বীরেশ্বর অশক্ত, বৃদ্ধ শরীরে গেলেন নবদ্বীপের বিচারসভায়। গেলেন ৩২ জনকে নিয়ে। কেউ তাঁর পৌত্র, কেউ বা ছাত্র।
বিচারসভায় জ্যোতিষ্কের ভিড়। ময়মনসিংহ, শ্রীহট্ট, ফরিদপুরের কোটালিপাড়া থেকে এসেছেন বিখ্যাত পণ্ডিতেরা। তিন দিন ধরে চলল বাদ-বিতণ্ডা। প্রতিটি বিষয়ে শ্রেষ্ঠত্বের শিরোপা পেলেন বীরেশ্বর ন্যায়ালঙ্কার। তাঁর সৌজন্যেই সে দিন ভাটপাড়ার নাম হল ‘নব নবদ্বীপ’।
পরাজয় কি একটা? কয়েক প্রজন্ম পরে এলেন শ্রীরাম শিরোমণি। তাঁকে ‘নবদ্বীপগৌরব’ বলা হত। ন্যায়শাস্ত্রের তর্কে তাঁকে পরাস্ত করলেন নৈহাটির পণ্ডিত নন্দকুমার ন্যায়চঞ্চু— হরপ্রসাদ শাস্ত্রীর দাদা।
নৈহাটি নবদ্বীপকে হারালে ভাটপাড়াই বা পিছিয়ে থাকবে কেন? নড়াইলের জমিদার রতন রায় রাজা কৃষ্ণচন্দ্র রায়ের মতো এক বিচারসভা ডাকলেন, সেখানে শ্রীরাম শিরোমণিকে বিতর্কে হারালেন ভাটপাড়ার হলধর তর্কচূড়ামণি। নবদ্বীপ বনাম ভাটপাড়াতেই গল্প শেষ হল না। বর্ধমান মহারাজার ডাকা এক বিচারসভায় আর্যসমাজের প্রতিষ্ঠাতা দয়ানন্দ সরস্বতীকে সাকার-নিরাকার বিবাদে পরাস্ত করলেন তারাচাঁদ তর্করত্ন। ভাটপাড়া তখন বাংলার অক্সফোর্ড!
এই গর্বের ইতিহাসটাই আমরা ভুলে গিয়েছি। ভাটপাড়া মানে শুধু ‘জয় শ্রীরাম’ বনাম ‘জয় বাংলা’ নয়। ভাটপাড়া মানে বাংলার শিক্ষা-ঐতিহ্য। উনিশ শতকের মাঝামাঝিও সেই ‘ছায়াসুনিবিড় শান্তির নীড়’-এ ৪৮টি চতুষ্পাঠী, দেড়শোরও বেশি অধ্যাপক। ব্রিটিশ সরকার সেরা পণ্ডিতদের ‘মহামহোপাধ্যায়’ উপাধিতে ভূষিত করতেন। তখনকার সংস্কৃতজ্ঞদের মধ্যে আজকের ‘ভারতরত্ন’র মতোই ছিল সেই সম্মান। হরপ্রসাদ শাস্ত্রী থেকে গোপীনাথ কবিরাজ, তামিলনাড়ুর স্বামীনাথ আয়ার ভূষিত হয়েছেন এই সম্মানে। উনিশ শতকের শেষ ভাগে সারা ভারতে জীবিত ‘মহামহোপাধ্যায়’ ১৯ জন, পাঁচ জনই ভাটপাড়ার।
মুশকিল অন্যত্র। আধুনিক বাঙালি ভাটপাড়া বলতেই ভাবে পাঁজিপুঁথি, তিথিনক্ষত্রে বিশ্বাসী রক্ষণশীল কিছু টুলো পণ্ডিত। এই আধুনিকেরা সংস্কৃত জানেন না, নিজেদের ঐতিহ্যও জানেন না। নবদ্বীপকে তর্কে হারিয়ে ভাটপাড়ায় যিনি ন্যায়চর্চার জোয়ার নিয়ে এসেছিলেন, সেই অশীতিপর বীরেশ্বর তর্কালঙ্কারের পৌত্র ভৈরব বিদ্যাসাগর। প্রসঙ্গত, ‘বিদ্যাসাগর’ শব্দটি বুদ্ধ, মহামহোপাধ্যায়ের মতোই একটি উপাধি। বৌদ্ধ শাস্ত্র বলে, সিদ্ধার্থ গৌতম ছাড়া আরও অনেক বুদ্ধ ছিলেন। আর সংস্কৃতের ইতিহাস বলে, বীরসিংহ গ্রামের ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায় ছাড়াও এ দেশে অনেক ‘বিদ্যাসাগর’ ছিলেন।
ভৈরব বিদ্যাসাগরের সঙ্গে ভাটপাড়ার অন্য পণ্ডিতদের মতবিরোধ হয়েছিল। পণ্ডিতদের তখন নিয়ম, টোলে অব্রাহ্মণ ছাত্র নেওয়া যাবে না। ভৈরব তা মানতে নারাজ। তিনি ভাটপাড়া ছেড়ে কাশীতে গিয়ে টোল খুললেন। প্রায় ৯০০ দক্ষিণ ভারতীয় ছাত্র সেই টোলে পড়ত। বিশ্বনাথ মন্দিরের শহরে ভাটপাড়ার এক প্রতিবাদী ব্রাহ্মণের ঔজ্জ্বল্য বাঙালি আজ ভুলে গিয়েছে।
ঔজ্জ্বল্যের ঝিলিক বিচিত্র জায়গায়, বিচিত্র পথে। স্যর আশুতোষ মুখোপাধ্যায়ের বিধবা মেয়ের বিয়ে, পণ্ডিতেরা ‘কদাপি নয় কদাপি নয়’ করছেন। ভাটপাড়ার পণ্ডিত শিবচন্দ্র সার্বভৌম দিলেন অনুমতি। ১৮৯২ সালে মহেন্দ্র রায় নামে স্থানীয় এক বঙ্গতনয় বিলেত যাবেন, তা নিয়ে ভাটপাড়ার পণ্ডিতসমাজে প্রবল ঝড়। ১৮৯২-এর ২৭ জুলাই বঙ্কিমচন্দ্র ‘হিতবাদী’ পত্রিকায় সমুদ্রযাত্রার পক্ষে ও শাস্ত্রীয় অনুশাসনের বিপক্ষে মত দিলেন। ঝড় প্রবল হল। ভাটপাড়ার তরুণ পণ্ডিত পঞ্চানন তর্করত্ন ‘বঙ্কিমবাবুর সমুদ্রযাত্রা’ নিবন্ধে পাল্টা উত্তর দিলেন, ‘‘আমরা পূর্ব হইতেই জানি, সমুদ্রযাত্রায় মত আর কাহারও না হউক, সুরেন্দ্রবাবু, ডব্লিউ সি ব্যানার্জি, বঙ্কিমবাবু, রমেশ দত্ত প্রমুখ কতিপয় বাবুসাহেবের মত হইবেই।’’
বিতর্কের আগুনে ঠান্ডা জল ঢেলে দিলেন ভাটপাড়ার বৈদিক ব্রাহ্মণদের নেতা মহামহোপাধ্যায় রাখালদাস ন্যায়রত্ন। সংস্কারের গণ্ডি ভেঙে বঙ্কিমকেই সমর্থন করলেন। তাঁর বয়স তখন ষাটের ওপরে। বুড়ো বয়সে কালাপানি পেরোনোকে সমর্থন করার অপরাধে ভাটপাড়ার পণ্ডিতসমাজ তাঁকে অচ্ছুৎ মনে করত, রাখালদাস হেঁটে গেলে সেই রাস্তায় গোবরজলের ছড়া দেওয়া হত। সমাজের আর পাঁচ জনের কথা না শুনে বার্ধক্যেও ন্যায়ের পক্ষে, বিচারবুদ্ধির পক্ষে স্থিত থাকার ঐতিহ্যই ভাটপাড়া!
আজকের বাংলা সাহিত্যেও কি নেই ভাটপাড়ার উজ্জ্বল অবদান? ‘দুর্গেশনন্দিনী’ লেখা সমাপ্ত, বঙ্কিম শুনতে চাইছেন তাঁর এলাকার পণ্ডিতসমাজের মত। এই রোমান্স বাংলা ভাষায় আগে হয়নি, সংস্কৃতবহুল বিদ্যাসাগরি তৎসম বা হুতোমি ভাষার দেশজ স্রোত পেরিয়ে কেউ ঘোষণা করেনি ‘বন্দি আমার প্রাণেশ্বর’!
রীতিমতো টেনশন নিয়েই সে দিন উপন্যাস পড়ে শোনালেন বঙ্কিম। তার পরই ভাটপাড়ার চন্দ্রনাথ বিদ্যারত্নের বিখ্যাত উক্তি: আমি স্থানে স্থানে ব্যাকরণদোষ লক্ষ্য করিয়াছি বটে, কিন্তু সেই স্থানে ভাষা আরও সুন্দর হইয়াছে। আর এক শ্রোতা মধুসূদন স্মৃতিরত্নের বক্তব্য ছিল, ‘গল্প ও ভাষার মোহিনী শক্তিতে আমরা এতই আকৃষ্ট হইয়াছি যে সাধ্য কি অন্য দিকে মনোনিবেশ করি!’ সাহিত্যের ভাষা যে কখনও কখনও ব্যাকরণের নিগড় ভেঙে বেরোনোর ক্ষমতা রাখে, ভাটপাড়া জানত।
জানবে না-ই বা কেন? সে দিন ‘দুর্গেশনন্দিনী’র অন্যতম শ্রোতা মধুসূদন স্মৃতিরত্নের ছেলে হৃষীকেশ শাস্ত্রী। তিনি ইংরেজি পড়তে চান, কিন্তু ভাটপাড়ার রক্ষণশীল সমাজে ম্লেচ্ছভাষা শেখা তখন অসম্ভব। হৃষীকেশ গেলেন পঞ্জাব, ইংরেজি শিখে শেক্সপিয়রের নাটকে এতই পাণ্ডিত্য অর্জন করলেন যে সংস্কৃতে লিখে ফেললেন ‘হ্যামলেট চরিতম্।’ আজকের ‘বহুভাষিক সংস্কৃতি’র চেতনা থেকে সম্ভবত ভাটপাড়ার স্মার্ত ব্রাহ্মণরাও বঞ্চিত ছিলেন না।
আসলে, ভাটপাড়া তো নিজেকে বদলেছে বারংবার। একদা ওই এলাকার টোলগুলিতে মুখ্যত সাংখ্যদর্শন, স্মৃতিশাস্ত্র, জ্যোতিষ ও ন্যায়চর্চা হত। ছেলেবেলার স্মৃতি ঘাঁটতে গিয়ে স্বামী বিবেকানন্দের ভাই মহেন্দ্রনাথ দত্তও লিখে গিয়েছেন, এই বঙ্গে বেদচর্চা বিশেষ ছিল না। রাজা রামমোহন রায়ের সঙ্গে ভাটপাড়ার পণ্ডিত গোবিন্দচন্দ্র বেদান্তবাগীশের ঘনিষ্ঠ সম্পর্ক ছিল। লোকনিন্দার ভয়ে তিনি প্রকাশ্যে বেদান্ত আলোচনা করতেন না। অথচ, কয়েক প্রজন্ম পরে ভাটপাড়া থেকেই উঠে আসবেন মহামহোপাধ্যায় প্রমথনাথ তর্কভূষণ। আজও তাঁর লেখা ‘মায়াবাদ’ বা গীতার শাঙ্করভাষ্যের আনন্দগিরি টীকার বঙ্গানুবাদ বাঙালির অনন্য সম্পদ। ভাটপাড়া কোনও দিনই অনড়, স্থাণু সংস্কৃতি ছিল না।
এই সংস্কৃতি আসলে এক জায়গায় অনেক পণ্ডিত বসবাস করে বিদ্যা বিস্তারের সংস্কৃতি। শ্যামলী চক্রবর্তী তাঁর ‘বঙ্কিমচন্দ্র এবং ভাটপাড়ার পণ্ডিতসমাজ’ বইয়ে পরিষ্কার জানিয়েছেন, বাংলায় এক নয়, একাধিক ভাটপাড়া ছিল। রাজা বসন্ত রায়ের আমলে যশোহর পণ্ডিতদের বাসস্থান হিসাবে বিখ্যাত। সেখানে ভৈরব নদের তীরে ছিল একটি ভাটপাড়া। খুলনাতে সোনাই নদীর তীরে ছিল ভাটলা-ভাটপাড়া। মুখ্যত ভট্ট আচার্য অধ্যুষিত অঞ্চলই লোকের মুখে মুখে ভাটপাড়া নামে বিখ্যাত হত।
আজ নৈহাটি, কাঁকিনাড়া সংলগ্ন যে ভাটপাড়া অন্যদের হারিয়ে উঠে এল, তার উত্থান ১৬৬০-৭০ নাগাদ। পণ্ডিতরা তত দিনে সেখানে সুপ্রতিষ্ঠিত। হিন্দু ঐতিহ্য বজায় রাখতে ‘জয় শ্রীরাম’ বা যাই বলুন, মুঘল শাসনকে বাদ দিয়ে ভাটপাড়ার আদিপর্ব সম্ভব নয়। মুঘল সম্রাট আকবরের আমলে দুর্লভানন্দ নামে এক ব্রাহ্মণকে ‘হালদার’ খেতাব-সহ ভাটপাড়া অঞ্চলে জায়গির দেওয়া হয়। দুর্লভানন্দের ছেলে পরমানন্দ হালদার যশোহরের ধূলিপুর-ধলবেড়ে গ্রামের পাশ্চাত্য বৈদিক ব্রাহ্মণ বশিষ্ঠ গোত্রীয় নারায়ণ ঠাকুরের শিষ্যত্ব নিয়েছিলেন। আজও ভাটপাড়া বিদ্যাসমাজে বেশির ভাগই যশোহর খুলনা থেকে আসা বৈদিক ব্রাহ্মণ। এঁদের কেউ কেউ কনৌজ থেকে এসে প্রথমে মেদিনীপুর অঞ্চলে থাকতেন। অতঃপর যশোহর, খুলনা, সেখান থেকে ভাটপাড়া। বাৎস্য গোত্রীয় রামভদ্র প্রথমে গোবিন্দপুর গ্রামে বাস করতেন। সেখান থেকে যশোহর হয়ে ভাটপাড়া। এখনও কুলজি গ্রন্থগুলি জানায়, ভাটপাড়ার অনেক পণ্ডিত বল্লালসেনের আমলে এই বঙ্গে এসেছিলেন। কিন্তু নীহাররঞ্জন রায় থেকে হাল আমলে রণবীর চক্রবর্তী অবধি বহু ইতিহাসবিদই কুলজি গ্রন্থকে ইতিহাসের সম্মান দিতে নারাজ। বস্তুত ভাটপাড়ায় ন্যায়, দর্শনের পাশাপাশি আয়ুর্বেদ এবং জ্যোতিষচর্চাও উল্লেখ্য ছিল। আয়ুর্বেদের শিক্ষক ও ছাত্রেরা মুসলিম নবাবদের চিকিৎসাও করতেন। গুপ্তপ্রেস পঞ্জিকার শুরুতে সেখানকার বিভিন্ন জ্যোতিষী উঠে এসেছিলেন ভাটপাড়া-সংস্কৃতি থেকেই।
বিভিন্ন জায়গা থেকে ভাটপাড়ায় এসে পণ্ডিতদের বসতি স্থাপনা, বিদ্যাচর্চাই এই জনপদের মুখ্য বৈশিষ্ট্য ছিল। কালনা থেকে আসা মহামহোপাধ্যায় বীরেশ্বর তর্কতীর্থ পড়তেন ভাটপাড়ার মহামহোপাধ্যায় শিবচন্দ্র সার্বভৌমের কাছে। যশোহরের মহামহোপাধ্যায় আশুতোষ তর্কভূষণ শিক্ষালাভ করেছেন ভাটপাড়ার হরিনাথ তর্কসিদ্ধান্তের কাছে। মহামহোপাধ্যায় গুরুচরণ তর্কদর্শনতীর্থ ত্রিপুরার ছেলে, ন্যায়দর্শন শিখেছেন ভাটপাড়ার টোলে। ১৯২৩ সালের পরে কলকাতা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ে দর্শন বিভাগের অধ্যাপক তিনি। বিচিত্র জায়গা থেকে আসা বিচিত্র ছাত্রের সমাহার বুঝিয়ে দেয়, আগ্রহী শিক্ষার্থীই ছিল সব। ভাটপাড়ার পণ্ডিত সমাজে কেউ ‘বহিরাগত’ নয়।
টোল ছিল, ছিল কলেজও। সজল চৌধুরী তাঁর ‘মহামহোপাধ্যায়জ় অব ইন্ডিয়া’ বইয়ে দেখিয়েছেন, পাথুরিয়াঘাটার গোপীমোহন ঠাকুর তখন মুলাজোড়ে একটি সংস্কৃত কলেজ তৈরি করেছিলেন। শিবচন্দ্র সার্বভৌম এবং অনেকেই সেখানে অধ্যাপনা করতেন। গোপীমোহন তখনকার হিন্দু কলেজ তৈরির জন্য মোটা অঙ্কের অর্থসাহায্য করেছিলেন, কালীঘাটে দেবীর জিভ সোনায় গড়িয়ে দিয়েছিলেন। কিন্তু ওই যে মুলাজোড় কলেজ! ভাটপাড়া জানত, ‘টোল’ না ‘কলেজ’ এই সব নামে কিছু আসে যায় না। শিক্ষাদানই আসল!
কেমন ছিল এই শিক্ষাব্যবস্থা? টোল মানে, দূরাগত ছাত্রদের গুরুগৃহে বাস। বিদ্যাদানের জন্য গুরু বেতন নিতেন না। ভাটপাড়ার অভাবি গুরু ছাত্রদের খরচ চালাতে না পেরে পিতলের হাঁড়ি বিক্রি করে চাল, ডাল এবং রান্নার জন্য মাটির হাঁড়ি কিনে এনেছেন, এমন ঘটনাও আছে।
পড়া শুরু হত সাতসকালে। চলত দুপুর অবধি, তার পর তিন ঘণ্টা স্নান, আহ্নিক, নিদ্রার বিরতি। ফের বিকেল তিনটে থেকে সন্ধ্যা অবধি। তার পর দু’ঘণ্টার বিরতি— সন্ধ্যাহ্নিক, ভোজন ও বিশ্রাম। ফের পড়া শুরু, চলত রাত দশটা অবধি। প্রতিপদ, অষ্টমী ও ত্রয়োদশীতে স্মৃতির পাঠ নিষিদ্ধ। ছাত্রেরা তখন স্মৃতিশাস্ত্র না পড়ে কাব্য অধ্যয়ন করত।
এখনকার মতো লিখিত পরীক্ষা নয়, ভাটপাড়া, নবদ্বীপের টোলে সবই মৌখিক আলোচনা। গুরু একা তিরিশ জন ছাত্রের ওপর নজর রাখছেন এমন নয়। সিনিয়র ছাত্রেরা ছোটদের সঙ্গে আলোচনা করছে, বিতর্ক করছে, কোথাও খেই হারিয়ে গেলে গুরু ধরতাই দিচ্ছেন। তারই মধ্যে কোনও রাজা বা জমিদার বিচারসভা ডাকলে গুরু প্রিয় শিষ্যদের নিয়ে সেখানে যেতেন। গুরু বিচারসভায় আমন্ত্রিত মানে, সঙ্গে প্রিয় শিষ্যরাও রয়েছে।
কোনও প্রিয় ছাত্র যদি ভবিষ্যতে নিজের টোল খুলতে চাইত? তাকে দিতে হত শলাকাভেদ পরীক্ষা। নির্দিষ্ট বিষয়ের পুঁথিতে নির্দিষ্ট দিনে একটি সূচ বিঁধিয়ে দিতেন গুরু। সূচের ডগা যে পৃষ্ঠায় গিয়ে ঠেকত, সেখান থেকেই অধ্যাপকরা হরেক প্রশ্ন করতেন। নিজের গুরু ছাড়া, বাইরের টোল থেকে অারও পণ্ডিত প্রশ্ন করতে অাসতেন। অনেকটা আজকালকার ‘এক্সটার্নাল’ পরীক্ষকদের মতো। সোজা কথায়, শিক্ষক হতে গেলে এখনকার বি এড পরীক্ষায় তাও নির্দিষ্ট সিলেবাস থাকে, ভাটপাড়ায় সেটিও ছিল না।
কে কোন বিষয়ের অধ্যাপক, তা নিয়ে শ্রেণিবৈষম্যও ছিল। হরপ্রসাদ শাস্ত্রী লিখে গিয়েছেন, ‘ভট্টাচার্যদিগের মধ্যে কাব্য ও ব্যাকরণের পণ্ডিত হেয় ছিলেন।...অন্যপক্ষে স্মৃতির পণ্ডিতদিগের মান ব্যাকরণওয়ালাদিগের অপেক্ষা অধিক ও নৈয়ায়িকদিগের অপেক্ষা অল্প ছিল।’ সোজা কথায়, ন্যায়দর্শন না জানলে ভাটপাড়ার পণ্ডিতসমাজে তখন কল্কে পাওয়া যেত না।
যেখানে উত্থান, সেখানেই লুকিয়ে ছিল অবনতির বীজ। বাংলার অন্যান্য ‘ভাটপাড়া’কে ছাপিয়ে নৈহাটি শ্যামনগর কাঁকিনাড়া অঞ্চলের ভাটপাড়া যে প্রধান হয়ে উঠল তার অন্যতম কারণ, সে রাজধানী কলকাতার কাছে। মুদ্রণযন্ত্র, রেলগাড়ি এবং আধুনিকতার হরেক সুবিধা। আধুনিকতার বয়ানেই এই এলাকায় ঢুকে এল চটকল, বিভিন্ন কারখানা। ব্রাহ্মণসমাজ আর যজনযাজন অধ্যাপনা নিয়ে আলাদা থাকতে পারলেন না। নতুন গঞ্জ, শ্রমিক মহল্লা, ভাটিখানা, সবই ছড়িয়ে পড়ল দুর্বার গতিতে। সেই নতুন বাংলায় আর ন্যায়শাস্ত্র নেই, ফণিভূষণ তর্কবাগীশ থেকে শ্রীজীব ন্যায়তীর্থ সকলে বিস্মৃত। এই ভাটপাড়া-নৈহাটি-জগদ্দল উঠে এল সমরেশ বসুর ‘বিটিরোডের ধারে’ বা ‘শ্রীমতী কাফে’র মতো উপন্যাসে।
শুধু ন্যায়শাস্ত্রের টোলগুলি হারিয়ে গেল। এ শুধু ভাটপাড়া নয়, গোটা বাংলার ট্র্যাজেডি।
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উত্তরপ্রদেশের হাসপাতালে আগুন লেগে মৃত ১০ শিশু, উদ্ধার কমপক্ষে ৩৭, দুর্ঘটনা কি শর্টসার্কিট থেকেই
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আদৌ অভিষেক-ঐশ্বর্যার বিয়ে ভাঙছে? কোটি টাকার প্রশ্নের জবাব রয়েছে এই পরিচালকের কাছে!
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সাদা বলে রঙিন ভারতীয় ক্রিকেট! চার-ছক্কার বন্যায় সঞ্জু, তিলকের শতরান, টি-টোয়েন্টি সিরিজ় সূর্যদের
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সিবিআই অভিযানে সিপিএম, বিক্ষোভ শ্রমিক-কৃষকদেরও
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These Terms of Use govern your use of the websites, content and community services offered through www.anandabazar.com , other associated URLs ("Site") and all mobile applications ("Mobile Apps") and products and services offered by ABP Pvt Ltd.
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You (the user) agree to access "the Site" and "Mobile Apps", subject to the terms and conditions of use as set out here.
ABP Pvt.Ltd., the owner and / or publisher of www.anandabazar.com may add to or change or update these Terms of Use, from time to time entirely at the its own discretion. You are responsible for checking these Terms of Use periodically to remain in compliance with these terms. Your use of a Site after any amendment to the Terms of Use shall constitute your acceptance of these terms and you also agree to be bound by any such changes/revisions. By using this site you hereby represent and warrant that you are hereby bound by these Terms of Use and it's any amendments thereof and further represent that you are more than 18 (eighteen) years of age and otherwise competent to bound yourself into a valid contract as per the Laws of India. In the event you are below the age of 18 (eighteen) years then it shall be deemed that you are using this site under the guidance and supervision of your natural parent and / or guardian.
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ABP Pvt. LTD. reserves the right to suspend / cancel, or discontinue any or all channels, products or service at any time without notice , make modifications and alterations in any or all of the content, products and services contained on the site without prior notice. Such changes will be posted to "www.anandabazar.com" for your reference and convenience so as to enable you to understand your responsibility as a user.
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If ABP Pvt. Ltd. reasonably believes that an account and Password is being used / misused in any manner, ABP Pvt. Ltd. shall reserve the right to cancel access rights immediately without notice, and block access to all users from that IP address.
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As a condition of your use of the Services, you will not use the Services for any purpose that is unlawful or prohibited by these terms, conditions, and notices. You may not use the Services in any manner that could damage, disable, overburden, or impair any ABP PVT. LTD.'s server, or the network(s) connected to any ABP PVT. LTD.'s server, or interfere with any other party's use and enjoyment of any Services. You may not attempt to gain unauthorized access to any Services, other accounts, computer systems or to any of the Services, through hacking, password mining or any other means. You may not obtain or attempt to obtain any materials or information through any means not intentionally made available through the Services.
Material Posted/transmitted at www.anandabazar.com by the user and /or any third party:
All information, data, text, software, music, sound, photographs, graphics, video, messages or other materials ("Content"), whether publicly or privately transmitted / posted, is the sole responsibility of the person from where such content is originated (the Originator). By Posting any material which contain images, photographs, pictures or that are otherwise graphical in whole or in part ("Images"), you warrant and represent that (a) you are the copyright owner of such Images, or that the copyright owner of such Images has granted you permission to use such Images or any content and/or images contained in such Images consistent with the manner and purpose of your use and as otherwise permitted by these Terms of Use and the Services, (b) you have the rights necessary to grant the licenses and sublicenses described in these Terms of Use, and (c) that each person depicted in such Images, if any, has provided consent to the use of the Images as set forth in these Terms of Use, including, by way of limitation, the distribution, public display and reproduction of such Images.
You represent that you have valid rights and title in any and all Content/Images that you submit on the Site, that you have not infringed on any IPR belonging to any party and further that you will indemnify ABP PVT. LTD or its affiliates for all claims arising out of any content that you post on the Site.
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ABP PVT. LTD. merely endeavors to provide a platform where you and other party may interact, exchange information or carry out sale/purchase transactions on such terms and in the manner mutually agreed between you and the other party. ABP PVT. LTD. does not have any involvement in the actual transactions between the buyers and sellers in any way. It is only you, who is entirely responsible for all the activities, arising out of the transactions of sale/purchase of goods or services offered by any other party and not ABP PVT. LTD. ABP PVT. LTD. will not be liable for any loss that you may incur, while selling or purchasing goods /services of the third party.
Under No circumstances will ABP PVT. LTD. be held responsible or liable, in any way, for any content which in Legal opinion is derogatory, threatening, defamatory, obscene or offensive or offends public sensibilities or morals and shall also not assume liability for any errors or omissions in any content, or for any loss or damage of any kind incurred as a result of the use of any content posted or uploaded on the Site, or any infringement of another's rights, including intellectual property rights. You specifically agree that ABP PVT. LTD. is not responsible for any content sent using and/or included in ABP PVT. LTD.'s site/service by any third party.
Individual Registration and Access
Certain Services offered by the Company through www.anandazar.com platform, such as email, personal web pages, contests and shopping, require prior registration by the User. To gain access to such Services, You will be required to create an account by completing the registration process. As part of such registration process, You will be required to provide Us with current, complete and accurate information pertaining to such details as prompted by the applicable registration form. You will also be required to choose a unique password and a user name, which shall be entered by You every time You wish to gain access to the said Services. You shall not be entitled to gain, and shall not facilitate, access to www.anandabazar.com platform through a single account and password, by multiple users on a network. You agree and understand that We do not permit any part of www.anandabazar.com platform being cached in proxy servers. You are entirely responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of Your password and account.
If the Company reasonably believes that Your account and/or Password is being/ has been misused in any manner, the Company shall reserve the right to cancel access rights immediately without notice, and block access to all users from that IP address.
You shall not share your account information and password with others or use anyone else’s account. You are entirely responsible for any and all activities that occur under Your account. You agree to notify us immediately of any unauthorized use of your account or any other breach of security. In such an event, we shall do our best to help you recover your account; however, we cannot guarantee that your account will be restored or the content contained therein will be recovered. We will not be liable for any loss that you may incur as a result of unauthorized use of your password or account. However, you could be held liable for losses incurred by the Company or another party due to someone else using your account or password.
International Users
You agree and understand that the Services are controlled and operated by the Company from its offices in India. You agree that: (i) the Services shall be deemed solely based in India; and (ii) the use of the Services do not give rise to personal jurisdiction over the Company, either specific or general, in jurisdictions other than India. You agree that the laws of India, excluding India’s choice of law rules, will apply to this Terms of Use and Privacy Policy and all other policies and guidelines provided by the Company and to the provision of Services by the Company.
Access to www.anandabazar.com platform and/ or the Services from jurisdictions other than India where the same are illegal is prohibited. The Company reserves the right to block access to www.anandabazar.com platform and/ or the Services by such prohibited access by international users. If you access www.anandabazar.com platform and/ or the Services from a location outside India, you waive any right available under laws of jurisdictions outside of India.
Individual Registration and Access
Certain Services offered by the Company through www.anandazar.com platform, such as email, personal web pages, contests and shopping, require prior registration by the User. To gain access to such Services, You will be required to create an account by completing the registration process. As part of such registration process, You will be required to provide Us with current, complete and accurate information pertaining to such details as prompted by the applicable registration form. You will also be required to choose a unique password and a user name, which shall be entered by You every time You wish to gain access to the said Services. You shall not be entitled to gain, and shall not facilitate, access to www.anandabazar.com platform through a single account and password, by multiple users on a network. You agree and understand that We do not permit any part of www.anandabazar.com platform being cached in proxy servers. You are entirely responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of Your password and account.
If the Company reasonably believes that Your account and/or Password is being/ has been misused in any manner, the Company shall reserve the right to cancel access rights immediately without notice, and block access to all users from that IP address.
You shall not share your account information and password with others or use anyone else’s account. You are entirely responsible for any and all activities that occur under Your account. You agree to notify us immediately of any unauthorized use of your account or any other breach of security. In such an event, we shall do our best to help you recover your account; however, we cannot guarantee that your account will be restored or the content contained therein will be recovered. We will not be liable for any loss that you may incur as a result of unauthorized use of your password or account. However, you could be held liable for losses incurred by the Company or another party due to someone else using your account or password.
International Users
You agree and understand that the Services are controlled and operated by the Company from its offices in India. You agree that: (i) the Services shall be deemed solely based in India; and (ii) the use of the Services do not give rise to personal jurisdiction over the Company, either specific or general, in jurisdictions other than India. You agree that the laws of India, excluding India’s choice of law rules, will apply to this Terms of Use and Privacy Policy and all other policies and guidelines provided by the Company and to the provision of Services by the Company.
Access to www.anandabazar.com platform and/ or the Services from jurisdictions other than India where the same are illegal is prohibited. The Company reserves the right to block access to www.anandabazar.com platform and/ or the Services by such prohibited access by international users. If you access www.anandabazar.com platform and/ or the Services from a location outside India, you waive any right available under laws of jurisdictions outside of India.
Termination of Account
ABP PVT. LTD. reserves its right to refuse service, restrict, suspend, terminate your account; (Terminate this Agreement; Terminate or suspend your access to the ABP Web Sites; Refuse, move or remove for any reason any Content / Image that you submit on or through the Services; Refuse, move, or remove any Content / Image that is available on or through the Services; Deactivate or delete your accounts and all related information and files in your account; Establish general practices and limits concerning use of the Services) at any time and, remove or edit contents or cancel orders (entered by you) in its sole discretion with or without cause, and with or without any prior notice for any violation of the Terms of Use. Upon such termination or suspension, your right to use the ABP PVT. Ltd.'s Web Sites will immediately cease.
You can terminate Your account at any time by writing to service@anandabazar.com but your information may remain stored in archive on Our servers even after the deletion or the termination of Your account.
User Conduct and Obligations
You hereby agree and assure ABP PVT. Ltd. that the Site/Services shall be used for lawful purposes only and that you will not violate laws, regulations, ordinances or other such requirements of any applicable Central, State or local government or any other international laws. You further concur that you will not, through Site/Service:
• post, distribute, or otherwise make available or transmit any software or other computer files that contain a virus trojan horses, time bombs, bots, botnets, malicious content, content theft, data manipulation, threats or any other harmful programs or elements or component;
• delete from the Site any legal notices, disclaimers, or proprietary notices such as copyright or trademark symbols, or modify any logos that you do not own or have express permission to modify;
• not use the Site / Service in any manner that could damage, disable, overburden, or impair and not to undertake any action which is harmful or potentially harmful to any ABP PVT. LTD.'s server, or the network(s), computer systems / resource connected to any ABP PVT. LTD. server, or interfere with any other party's use and enjoyment of the Site/Service;
• obtain or attempt to obtain any materials or information through any means not intentionally made available through the Site/Service;
• engage in any activity that causes / may harm minors; or
• perform any activity which is likely to cause such harm;
• impersonate any person or entity, including, but not limited to, ABP PVT. LTD.'s official, forum leader, guide or host, or falsely state or otherwise misrepresent your affiliation with a person or entity;
• take any action which encourages or consists of any threat of harm of any kind to any person or property;
• carry out any "denial of service" (DoS, DDoS) or any other harmful attacks on application or internet service or;
• make any inappropriate, illegal or otherwise prohibited communication to any Newsgroup, Mailing List, Chat Facility, or other Internet Forum;
• use the Site/Service for illegal purposes;
• disrupt, place unreasonable burdens or excessive loads on, interfere with or attempt to make or attempt any unauthorized access to any ABP PVT. LTD website or the website of any ABP PVT.LTD.'s customer;
• transmit through the Site, any unlawful, harassing, libelous, abusive, threatening, harmful, vulgar, obscene, libelous, hateful, or racially, ethnically or otherwise objectionable material of any kind or nature. This includes text, graphics, video, programs or audio, etc;
• collect or attempt to collect personally identifiable information of any person or entity without their express written consent and you shall maintain records of any such written consent throughout the terms of this agreement and for a period of 2 years thereafter;
• engage in antisocial, disruptive, or destructive acts, including "flaming," "spamming," "flooding," "trolling," and "griefing" as those terms are commonly understood and used on the Internet
• forge headers or otherwise manipulate identifiers in order to disguise the origin of any content transmitted through the Site.
• upload, post, email, transmit or otherwise make available any unsolicited or unauthorised advertising, promotional materials, "junk mail," "spam," "chain letters," "pyramid schemes," duplicative messages or any other form of solicitation.
• encumber or suffer to exist any lien or security interest on the subject matter of this Agreement; or
• make any representation or warranty on behalf of ABP PVT. LTD.
You agree not to post, distribute, transmit or otherwise make available any data, text, message, computer file, or other material that infringes and/or violates any right of a third party or any domestic or international law, rule, or regulation, including but not limited to:
• infringement of any copyright, trademark, patent, trade secret, or other proprietary rights of any third party, including, but not limited to, the unauthorized copying of copyrighted material, the digitization and distribution of photographs from magazines, books, or other copyrighted sources, and the unauthorized transmittal of copyrighted software;
• Right of privacy (specifically, you must not distribute another person's personal information of any kind without their express permission) or publicity;
• Any confidentiality obligation.
Unless otherwise permitted, you will: (i) display the Service on your Site in the exact form received by you, and not modify or edit any of the foregoing without ABP PVT. Ltd.'s prior written consent; (ii) ensure that the fundamental meaning of the Service is not changed or distorted; (iii) comply with all applicable laws and all limitations and restrictions (if any) placed by ABP PVT. Ltd. on the use, display or distribution of any Service and (iv) not archive any of the Service for access by users at any future date after the Service has been removed from your Web site. You acknowledge that the service must link and redirect to the appropriate ABP PVT. Ltd.'s Web page when a user clicks on the Service (e.g. a headline). You shall not display the Service in such a manner that does not allow for successful linking and redirection to, and delivery of, ABP PVT. Ltd.'s Web page, nor may you frame any ABP PVT. Ltd.'s Web page.
No Controlling Spam Policy or Unsolicited E-mails
You will not use any communication tool or other means available on the Site to transmit, directly or indirectly, any unsolicited bulk communications (including emails and instant messages). You may not harvest information about users of ABP PVT. LTD. for the purpose of sending or to facilitate the sending of unsolicited bulk communications. We may terminate your access or use of the Site immediately, with or without any notice, and take any other legal action if you, or anyone using your access details to the Site, violates these terms. We may adopt any technical remedy (including any filtering technology or other measures) to prevent unsolicited bulk communications from entering, or remaining within our computer or communication networks. Such filtering technology or other measures may block, either temporarily or permanently, some e-mail sent to you through the ABP PVT. Ltd.'s Web Sites.
Disclaimer of Warranties and Liability
limitation, the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, workmanlike effort, title and non-infringement are disclaimed and excluded.
ABP PVT. Ltd. and its parent, affiliates and associates shall not be liable, at any time for any, direct, indirect, punitive, incidental, special, consequential, damages (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business projects, damage to your computer system or damages for loss of profits, damages for loss of use, data or profits, arising out of or in any way connected with the use or performance of the ABP PVT. Ltd.'s sites/services, with the delay or inability to use the ABP PVT. Ltd.'s sites/services or related services, the provision of or failure to provide services, or for any information, software, products, services and related graphics obtained through the ABP PVT. LTD. sites/services, or otherwise arising out of the use of the ABP PVT. LTD. sites/services) arising in contract, tort or otherwise from the use of or inability to use the Site, or any of its contents, or from any act or omissions a result of using the Site or any such contents or for any failure of performance, error, omission, interruption, deletion, defect, delay in operation or transmission, computer virus, communications line failure, theft or destruction or unauthorised access to, alteration of, or use of information contained on the site. No representations, warranties or guarantees whatsoever are made by ABP PVT. LTD. as to the (a) accuracy, adequacy, reliability, completeness, suitability or applicability of the information to a particular situation; (b) that the service will be uninterrupted, timely, secure, or error-free; (c) the quality of any products, services, content, information, or other material purchased or obtained from the website will meet your expectations or requirements; or (d) any errors in the website will be corrected.
Links to Other Sites
All the contents of this Site are only for general information or use. They do not constitute advice and should not be relied upon in making (or refraining from making) any decision. Any specific advice or replies to queries in any part of the Site is/are the personal opinion of such experts/consultants/persons and are not subscribed to by this Site. The information from or through this site is provided on "AS IS" basis, and all warranties and conditions, expressed or implied of any kind, regarding any matter pertaining to any goods, service or channel, including without Certain links on the Site lead to resources located on servers maintained by third parties, these sites of third party(s) may contain ABP PVT. LTD.'s-logo, please understand that it is independent from ABP PVT. LTD., over whom ABP PVT. LTD. has no control or connection, business or otherwise as these sites are external to ABP PVT. LTD. You agree and understand that by visiting such sites you are beyond the ABP PVT. LTD.'s website. ABP PVT. LTD., therefore neither endorses nor offers any judgement or warranty and accepts no responsibility or liability for the authenticity, availability, suitability, reliability, accuracy of the information, software, products, services and related graphics contained, of any of the goods/services/or for any damage, loss or harm, direct or consequential or any violation of local or international laws that may be incurred by your visit and/or transaction/s on these site(s), as the same is provided on "as is" without warranty of any kind. ABP PVT. LTD. gives no warranty and makes no representation whether expressed or implied, that the information contained in this site is error free. ABP PVT. LTD. shall not be responsible nor liable for any consequential damages arising on account of your relying on the contents of the advertisement. Before relying on the material, users should independently verify its relevance for their purposes, and should obtain any appropriate professional advice.
Material Submitted by Users
Certain elements of the Site will contain material submitted by users. ABP PVT. LTD. accepts no responsibility for the content, accuracy, conformity to applicable laws of such material. You will indemnify and hold harmless ABP PVT. LTD. against all third party claims, demands and actions brought against ABP PVT. LTD. which arises from or relates to the material submitted by you.
Advertising Material
Part of the Site contains advertising information or promotion material or other material submitted to ABP PVT. LTD. by third parties. Responsibility for ensuring that material submitted for inclusion on Site complies with applicable International and National law is exclusively on the party providing the information/material. Your correspondence or business dealings with, or participation in promotions of, advertisers other than ABP PVT. LTD. found on or through the Website, including payment and delivery of related goods or services, and any other terms, conditions, warranties or representations associated with such dealings, are solely between You and such advertiser. ABP PVT. LTD. will not be responsible or liable for any claim, error, omission, inaccuracy in advertising material or any loss or damage of any sort incurred as the result of any such dealings or as the result of the presence of such non-ABP PVT. LTD. advertisers on the Website. ABP PVT. LTD. reserves the right to omit, suspend or change the position of any advertising material submitted for insertion. Acceptance of advertisements on the Site will be subject to these terms and conditions.
Data Protection
ABP PVT. LTD. may send information and offer products and services to you from time to time. For further details relating to our policy relating to such offer please refer to our privacy statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, ABP PVT. LTD. reserves the right to disclose any information in response to / that it is required to be shared, disclosed or make made available to any governmental, administrative, regulatory or judicial authority under any law or regulation applicable to ABP PVT. LTD.
Further, ABP PVT. LTD. can (and you authorize ABP PVT. LTD. to) disclose your name, street address, city, state, zip code, country, phone number, email, and company name to Intellectual Property rights owners, as we in our sole discretion believe necessary or appropriate in connection with an investigation of fraud, intellectual property infringement, piracy, or other unlawful activity.
Relationship
None of the provisions of the User Agreement shall be deemed to constitute a partnership or agency between you and ABP PVT. LTD. and you shall have no authority to bind ABP PVT. LTD. in any manner, whatsoever.
Force Majeure
ABP PVT. LTD. shall have no liability to you for any interruption or delay, to access the Site irrespective of the cause.
Indian Law
The Agreement shall be governed by the Laws of India. The Courts of law at Kolkata, West Bengal, India shall have exclusive jurisdiction over any disputes arising under this agreement.
Entire Agreement
These Terms of Service constitute the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes and replaces all prior or contemporaneous understandings or agreements, written or oral, regarding such subject matter.
Right to remove inappropriate messages
We reserve the right to remove any messages we deem to be inappropriate, i.e, racist, sexist or threatening. Messages using inappropriate language will also be removed. We do not wish to be censors, but our forums must remain civilized and respect the rights of others.
Limited time to bring your claim
You and ABP PVT. LTD. agree that any cause of action arising out of or related to the ABP PVT. LTD.'s web sites, only, must commence within one (1) year after the cause of action accrues otherwise, such cause of action will be permanently barred.
Acceptance of Terms & Conditions
By using ABP PVT. LTD.'s sites and services, you signify your acceptance of this Terms & Conditions. If you do not agree or are not comfortable with any term described in this Term & Conditions, your only remedy is to discontinue use of ABP PVT. LTD. sites. We reserve the right, to modify this Terns & Conditions at any time.
General Terms
Rights and obligations under the Terms which by their nature should survive will remain in full effect after termination or expiration of the Terms.
Any express waiver or failure to exercise promptly any right under the Terms will not create a continuing waiver or any expectation of non-enforcement.
If any provision of the Terms is held invalid by any law or regulation of any government, or by any court or arbitrator, the parties agree that such provision will be replaced with a new provision that accomplishes the original business purpose, and the other provisions of the Terms will remain in full force and effect.
Notice of Copyright Infringement
ABP PVT. LTD. is not liable for any infringement of copyright arising out of materials posted on or transmitted through the site, or items advertised on the site, by end users or any other third parties. Our policy is to comply with all Intellectual Property Laws and to act expeditiously upon receiving any notice of claimed infringement. If you believe that your work has been reproduced on this website in a manner that constitutes copyright infringement, please provide a notice of copyright infringement containing all of the following information:
(a)A physical or electronic signature of a person authorized to act on behalf of the copyright owner for the purposes of the complaint.
(b)Identification of the copyrighted work claimed to have been infringed.
(c)Identification of the material on our website that is claimed to be infringing or to be the subject of infringing activity.
(d)The address, telephone number or e-mail address of the complaining party.
(e)A statement that the complaining party has a good-faith belief that use of the material in the manner complained of is not authorized by the copyright owner, its agent or the law.
(f)A statement, under penalty of perjury, that the information in the notice of copyright infringement is accurate, and that the complaining party is authorized to act on behalf of the owner of the right that is allegedly infringed.
All notices of copyright infringement should be sent to:
ABP Pvt. Ltd.
www.anandabazar.com
ABP Pvt. Ltd. 6, Prafulla Sarkar St. Kolkata-700001, West Bengal, India
+913322345374
WHAT INFORMATION DO WE GATHER ABOUT YOU?
The information gathered when you interact with ABP falls into two categories: 1) Personal information, which includes personal information you supply when you subscribe, order, complete a survey, register for one of our sites, enter a contest or provide your email address and 2) Non-personal information collected through technology, which includes tracking information collected by us as well as third parties.
Personal Information That You Give Us or Ask a Third Party to Share with Us
Registration Information
Registration for ABP may require that you supply certain personal information, including a unique email address and demographic information (ZIP code, age, sex, household income, job industry and job title) to register.
You may register or enhance your profile by linking your Facebook or Google accounts on ABP. By doing this, you are asking them to send us certain information from those social media accounts, and you are authorizing us to collect, store, and use what they send us in accordance with this Privacy Policy.
Social media registration features may collect your IP address, the page you are visiting on our site, and may set a cookie to enable the feature to function properly. Social media features and widgets are either hosted by a third party or hosted directly on our website. You can disassociate your ABP registration from third-party accounts any time.
Kindly note that ABP shall not responsible for any information collected by the third party from you.
User Generated Content and Public Activities (Including Comments and Reader Reviews)
We offer you opportunities to engage in public activities on ABP.com and other ABP Services. "Public activities" are any actions you take on ABP that are designed to be visible to other users, including comments, recommendations, reader reviews, ratings or any other items that you submit. Any information you disclose in your public activities, along with your screen name or ID, or any image or photo, becomes public and may be used by ABP for online and offline promotional or commercial uses in any and all media. If you choose to engage in public activities, you should be aware that any personal information you submit can be read, collected and used by other users of these areas. We are not responsible for the personal information you choose to submit in the course of your public activities and we have no responsibility to publish, take down, remove or edit any of your public activities or submissions. For more information, see Terms of Service.
Public activities may be included in our RSS feeds, APIs and other distribution formats. As a result, your public activities may appear on other websites, blogs, or feeds. Keep in mind that we are not responsible for any personal information you choose to make public via your public activities, and you agree that such sharing will be deemed to have been done by you, not ABP including but not limited to sharing of information in your connected social media accounts.
When you share or recommend links to content on a third-party platform (such as Facebook, Google+ and Twitter), that action and any information you share will be covered by their privacy policy.
Contests, Sweepstakes and Special Offers
ABP collects personal information from you when you participate in sweepstakes, contests or special offers. If this information is also being collected by a third party other than ABP, we will notify you at the same time. If you do not want any personal information shared, you should not participate in the sweepstakes, contest or special offer.
Reader Surveys, Reader Panels and Market Research
ABP may collect personal information from you in connection with voluntary surveys conducted via ABP. Data may be collected through ABP, on the phone or through the mail. The information you provide may be shared, but only in the aggregate, with advertisers and partners unless we notify you otherwise at the time of collection.
Members of our Reader Panels agree to participate in surveys, polls or discussions about their readership of ABP, their household/personal characteristics and their purchase behavior.
Conferences and Live Events
We often receive information about attendees to our live events from sign-in and registration lists. We may share this information with event or promotion sponsors, in which case we will notify you when we collect the information.
Non-Personal Information Collected Using Technology
Information Collected by Us Using Technology
We use various internet technologies to manage ABP and track use of the Services. Non-personal information that we collect using these technologies may be combined with other information about you.
Device Information. We may collect non-personal information about the computer, mobile device or other device you use to access ABP, such as IP address, geolocation information, unique device identifiers, browser type, browser language and other transactional information.
Cookies, Beacons, Local Storage and Other Similar Technologies. We use "cookies," web beacons, tags and scripts, and other similar technologies including local storage objects such as HTML5. These technologies allow us to manage access to and use of the Services, recognize you and provide personalization, and help us understand how people use ABP. You will not be able to access certain areas of our websites, including ABP, if your computer does not accept cookies from us. We do not respond to browser-based "do not track" signals. For more detailed information about our use of cookies and local storage, and how to manage them, see Frequently Asked Questions About Cookies.
We may transmit non-personally identifiable website usage information to third parties in order to show you advertising for ABP when you visit other sites. For more information about our third-party ad server, or to learn your choices about not having this non-personal information used to target ads to you, please click here.
Local Storage Objects
We may use Local Storage Objects (LSOs) such as HTML5 to store content information and preferences. Third parties with whom we partner to provide certain features on our site or to display advertising based upon your web browsing activity use LSOs such as HTML 5 or Flash to collect and store information.
Various browsers may offer their own management tools for removing HTML5 LSOs. To manage Flash LSOs please click here:
http://www.macromedia.com/support/
documentation/en/flashplayer/
help/settings_manager07.html
Analytics, Log Files and Reading History
As is true of most websites, we gather certain information automatically and store it in log files. This information may include internet protocol (IP) addresses (the region or general location where your computer or device is accessing the internet), browser type, operating system and other usage information about the use of ABP, including a history of the pages you view.
We may combine this automatically collected log information with other information we collect about you. We do this to improve services we offer you, including customized Recommendations, advertising and currency display, to improve marketing, and to track access and use of ABP across the devices that you use to access ABP.
We have hired third parties to provide us information, reports and analysis about the usage, browsing patterns of our users. They may independently record the type of device and operating system you are using, general location information, as well as events that occur within our apps, such as how often you use our apps.
Location Information. Some of our mobile applications can deliver content based on your current location if you choose to enable that feature of the app. If you enable the location-based feature, your current location will be stored locally on your device, which will then be used by the app. If you elect to have a location-based search saved to your history, we will store that information on our servers. If you do not enable the location-based service, or if an app does not have that feature, the app will not transmit to us, and we will not collect or store, location information.
The ads in our apps are not targeted to you based on your current GPS location, but they may be targeted to you based on your ZIP code or device's IP address.
Third Parties
Some of the services and advertisements included in ABP, including on ABP and within our mobile apps, are delivered or served by third-party companies, which may collect information about your use of ABP.
These companies may place or recognize cookies, web beacons or other technology to track certain non-personal information about our website users. For example, in the course of serving certain advertisements, an advertiser may place or recognize a unique cookie on your browser in order to collect certain information about your use of ABP. For another example, an advertiser or ad server may also be able to collect your device's unique identifier in the course of serving an ad. In many cases, this information could be used to show you ads on other websites based on your interests.
We do not have access to, nor control over, these third parties' use of cookies or other tracking technologies or how they may be used.
Please click here to see a list of third parties that may be using cookies to serve advertising on our websites or in our apps. For example, we use Google to serve advertisements onto ABP, which use the Google Doubleclick cookie, and in some cases, a unique device identifier, to show you ads based on your visit to ABP and other sites on the internet. You may opt out of the use of the Google Doubleclick cookie by visiting the Google ad and content network privacy policy.
You have choices about the collection of information by third parties on our website:
1) If you would like more about your option not to accept advertiser cookies, please click here.
2) If you would like to opt-out of having interest-based ad targeting, click here.
Your access to our websites should not be affected if you do not accept cookies served by third parties.
WHAT DO WE DO WITH THE INFORMATION WE GATHER ABOUT YOU?
Provide the Services You Request
We use the information we gather about you to enable your use of ABP and fulfill your requests for certain products and services, such as sending out electronic newsletters and enabling you to participate in and renew paid services, polls, contests and message boards.
Statistical Analysis
We perform statistical, demographic and marketing analyses of users of ABP, and their subscribing and purchasing patterns, for product development purposes and to generally inform advertisers about the nature of our subscriber base. We use this information for analysis purposes, including analysis to improve customer relationships.
Customizing Your Experience
We use the information that we collect to allow advertising to be targeted to the users for whom such advertising is most pertinent. We also use this information to customize certain features of ABP to provide you with an enhanced experienced based on the type of device you are using to access ABP, and in certain cases, provide you with requested services.
Relevant Advertising
We may use demographic and preference information to allow advertising on ABP Service to be targeted to the users for whom they are most pertinent. This means users see advertising that is most likely to interest them, and advertisers send their messages to people who are most likely to be receptive, improving both the viewer's experience and the effectiveness of the ads. We disclose information to third parties only in aggregate or de-identified form.
Email Newsletters
ABP will periodically send you email newsletters or promotional email about services offered by ABP and its advertisers. For details about ABP email, please see below:
WHAT IS OUR EMAIL POLICY?
We will not send you marketing messages if you have unsubscribed. You can choose not to receive messages in the future by following the "unsubscribe" instructions located near the bottom of each email. We will not share, sell, rent, swap or authorize any third party to use your email address for commercial purposes without your permission. However, we will only share your email id with our registered partners in conformance with law. If you feel you have received an email from us in error, please contact newsletter.feedback@abpdigital.in
Email Newsletters. Anandabazar offers several email newsletters. If you no longer wish to receive a specific newsletter, follow the "unsubscribe" instructions located near the bottom of each newsletter.
Survey Email. We may invite you to participate in user surveys asking for feedback on anandabazar.com and existing or prospective products and services, as well as information to better understand our users. User surveys greatly help us to improve our Services, and any information we obtain in such surveys will not be shared with third parties, except in aggregate form.
Emails from You. If you send us an email, we will use your email address to respond directly to your questions or comments.
Email This Article Feature. Addresses you provide in the "Email" share feature may be saved for your convenience for future articles you may wish to email; but they are not used for any other purpose, and will not be shared with any third parties.
WITH WHOM DO WE SHARE THE INFORMATION THAT WE GATHER?
Within ABP
If you have registered to use ABP, we will not sell, rent, swap or authorize any third party to use your email address without your permission.
In the future, we may sell, buy, merge or partner with other companies or businesses. In such transactions, we may include your information among the transferred assets.
Third Parties
Not with-standing, anything contained herein above, we may share the information provided by you with third parties (in any manner whatsoever) and such consent for sharing information with third parties maybe expressed and / or implied as may be applicable and / or indicated. For abundant caution, it is provided that your participation in our website in any form and / or manner whatsoever is an implied consent from your end to be bound by our privacy policy and a further implied consent of allowing us to share your information with third parties.
If you are a print subscriber, we may exchange or rent your name and mailing address (but not your email address) and certain other information, such as when you first subscribed to ABP with other reputable companies that offer marketing information or products through direct mail. If you prefer that we do not share this information, you may opt-out by emailing us at support@abpdigital.in, reach out to us here. Or write to us at: ABP Pvt. Ltd. 6, Prafulla Sarkar St. Kolkata-700001, West Bengal, India.
Please include your account number and phone number in the body of your email or letter, and include "Opt-out" in the subject line.
We may share information about attendees to our live events with sponsors or other third parties. If so, we will notify you when you provide us the information.
Service Providers
We contract with other companies to provide services on our behalf, including credit-card and billing processing, ad serving, shipping, email distribution, list processing and analytics or promotions management. We provide these companies only with the information they need to perform their services. These service providers are restricted from using personal information in any way other than to provide services for ABP, and they may not share, resell or use the data for their own direct marketing purposes.
We reserve the right to disclose your opt-out information to third parties so they can suppress your name from future solicitations, in accordance with applicable laws. We may occasionally release personal information as required by law, for example, to comply with a court order or subpoena.
HOW DO I CHANGE OR UPDATE MY PERSONAL INFORMATION?
Manage Your ABP Account in the My Account Area. You may review and update your ABP membership or account information and access your transaction history in the My Account area. We will respond to inquiries regarding deletion of data within a reasonable timeframe.
Data Retention. We will retain your information for at least as long as your account is active, as needed to provide you services or as necessary to comply with our legal obligations, resolve disputes, and enforce our agreements. As a matter of course, we will delete personally identifiable information associated with accounts that have been inactive for at least 15 years.
HOW DO I OPT-OUT?
If, at any time, you prefer not to receive email marketing information from us, simply follow the unsubscribe options at the bottom of each email.
If you experience difficulty with the unsubscribe process, feel free to contact us at support@abpdigital.in and provide your email address along with the name of the newsletter from which you would like to unsubscribe.
Mail or Telephone Promotions
If, at any time, you prefer not to receive mail or telephone solicitations originated by ABP Home Delivery Department, or if you prefer that we do not share this information with third parties for marketing purposes, please email us at support@abpdigital.in or write to us at ABP Pvt. Ltd. 6, Prafulla Sarkar St. Kolkata-700001, West Bengal, India. Please include your account number and phone number in the body of your email or letter, and put "Opt-out" in the subject line.
It is further provided that if you wish ABP to delete your data provided by you to ABP you are requested to send an email to support@abpdigital.in by expressly stating that the data provided by you be deleted. However ABP can only delete the data you provided to ABP and this deletion shall in no manner deem to be deletion of your data that you may have provided to your linked third party social media accounts.
Use of Third Party Personal Information
If you choose to use "email this article" or give a Gift subscription, we require the recipient's name and email address. We will automatically send them a one-time email about the service. ABP does not store this information.
IS MY INFORMATION PROTECTED?
To prevent unauthorized access, maintain data accuracy and ensure the appropriate use of information, we have put in place commercially reasonable physical, technical and administrative controls to protect the information. Please note that no method of transmission over the internet, or method of electronic storage, is 100% secure.
OTHER INFORMATION
Compliance With Legal Process
We may access, preserve and disclose personal information if we are required to do so by law or we have a good faith belief that such action is necessary to (1) comply with the law or with legal process; (2) protect and defend our rights and property; (3) protect against misuse or unauthorized use of ABP; or (4) protect the personal safety or property of our users or the public (among other things, this means that if you provide false information or attempt to pose as someone else, information about you may be disclosed as part of any investigation into your actions).
Changes to This Policy
We evaluate this privacy policy periodically in light of changing business practices, technology and legal requirements. As a result, it is updated from time to time. Any such changes will be posted on this page. If we make a significant or material change in the way we use or share your personal information, you will be notified via email and/or prominent notice.